Broken front derailleur
If you break the front derailleur, either remove the broken pieces or loosen the clamp and twist them round to the non-drive side of the seat tube.
Leave the chain on the chain ring of your choice. It may jump off over very rocky terrain, but should be fine in most situations because the rear derailleur is designed to keep the chain under tension.
Before you can remove the pieces
After removing the front derailleur, shifting is accomplished by lifting the chain from one chain ring to another by hand. Of course, you have to be stationary to do this.